21. The process of examining every member of a specified
population is called
(A)
Probability
(B)
Partiality
(C)
Census
(D) Non-probability
Answer:- C
It is a simple question. A
survey that measures the entire target population is called a census.
22. Former President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was
associated with
(A)
Searchlight
(B)
Satyagraha
(C)
Sentinel
(D) Leader
Answer:- A
In 1918 Dr. Rajendra Prasad published the
famous English news paper “ Searchlight”.
23. Cutlip, Bernays, Ivy Lee are associated with
(A) Radio
and T.V. Journalism
(B)
Public Relations and Corporate Communication
(C) Film
production and new media
(D) Print Journalism
Answer:- B
Scott Munson Cutlip (July 15, 1915 in Buckhannon, West Virginia - August 18, 2000 in Madison, Wisconsin) was a pioneer in public relations education.
Edward Louis Bernays (November 22, 1891 − March
9, 1995) was an Austrian-American pioneer in the field of public relations and propaganda, referred to in his obituary as "the father of public relations".
Ivy Ledbetter Lee (July 16, 1877 – November 9,
1934) is considered by some to be the founder of modern public relations
24. In terms of public awareness, news has the status of
(A)
Dominant discourse
(B)
Conflict value
(C)
Unintended exchange
(D) Limited judgement
Answer:- A
In
Hindi dominant discourse is प्रमुख प्रवचन
ya प्रà¤ावशाली संवाद Since
we can see news doesn’t has the status of limited judgement, unintended
exchange and conflict value so we have only option A left.logon ko aware karne
ke mamle me khabron ko pramukh prawachan mana jata hai jis se logon me jagrukta
failti hai. Or logon ko aware krne ke mamle me khabren hamesha prabhavshali
hoti hain.
25. The film, Lawrence of Arabia , belongs to the genre of
(A) Crime
(B)
Detective
(C) Epic
(D) Comedy
Answer:- C
Lawrence
of Arabia is a 1962 British epic adventure drama film based on the life of T. E. Lawrence. It was directed by David Leanand produced by Sam Spiegel through his British company, Horizon Pictures, with the screenplay by Robert Bolt and Michael
Wilson. The film
stars Peter O'Toole in the title role.
Ab swal ye hai ki aakhir yeh movie he kyo poochi gyi?
Because it is widely considered as one
of the greatest and most influential films in the history of
cinema.
The film was nominated for ten Academy Awards and won seven in total
including Best Director, Best Sound Editing, and Best Picture.
The film depicts Lawrence's experiences in Arabia during World War I, in particular his attacks on Aqaba and Damascus and his involvement in the Arab
National Council. Its
themes include Lawrence's emotional struggles with the personal violence
inherent in war, his own identity, and his divided allegiance between his
native Britain and its army and his new found comrades within the Arabian
Desert tribes.
26. Live Television and radio that need the presence of
audience are identified as
(A)
Transmission media
(B)
Signal media
(C)
Asynchronous media
(D) Synchronous media
Answer:- D
First we need to know what does synchronous
means?
It
means occurring at the same time; coinciding in time; contemporaneous; simultaneous.
Now from above diagram you can conclude what
Synchronous means.
Synchronous tools enable real-time communication and collaboration in a
"same time-different place" mode. These tools allow people to connect
at a single point in time, at the same time. Synchronous tools possess the
advantage of being able to engage people instantly and at the same point in
time. So we can conclude from above explanation that Live Television and
radio that need the presence of audience are identified as Synchronous Media.
27. In frequency modulation
(A)
Frequency of carrier wave varies according to the frequency of signal.
(B)
Frequency of carrier wave varies according to the amplitude of the signal.
(C)
Frequency of signal varies according to the amplitude of carrier wave.
(D)
Frequency of signal varies according to the frequency of carrier wave.
Answer:-
B
We will
understand both AM and FM then we will be able to understand this question.
AM (or Amplitude
Modulation) and FM (or Frequency
Modulation) are ways of broadcasting radio signals. Both transmit the
information in the form of electromagnetic waves. AM works by modulating
(varying) the amplitude of the signal or carrier transmitted
according to the information being sent, while the frequency
remains constant. This differs from FM technology in which information (sound)
is encoded by varying the frequency of the wave and the amplitude is kept
constant. Hence we can conclude option B from this statement.
Now another important
thing is to understand the comparison between FM and AM.
AM
FM
|
Origin
|
AM method of audio transmission was first successfully carried
out in the mid 1870s.
|
FM radio was developed in the United states mainly by Edwin
Armstrong in the 1930s.
|
|
Modulating
differences
|
In AM, a radio wave known as the "carrier" or
"carrier wave" is modulated in amplitude by the signal that is to
be transmitted.
|
In FM, a radio wave known as the "carrier" or
"carrier wave" is modulated in frequency by the signal that is to
be transmitted.
|
|
Importance
|
It is used in both analog and digital communication and
telemetry.
|
It is used in both analog and digital communication and
telemetry.
|
|
Pros and cons
|
AM has poorer sound quality compared to FM, but is cheaper and
can be transmitted over long distances. It has a smaller bandwidth so it can
have more stations available in any frequency range.
|
FM is less prone to interference than AM. However, FM signals
are impacted by physical barriers. FM has greater sound quality due to higher
bandwidth.
|
|
Stands for
|
AM stands for Amplitude Modulation
|
FM stands for Frequency Modulation
|
|
Range
|
AM radio ranges from 535 to 1705 kilohertz (OR) Up to 1200 Bits
per second
|
FM radio ranges in a higher spectrum from 88 to 108 megahertz.
(OR) 1200 to 2400 bits per second
|
|
Bandwidth
Requirements
|
Twice the highest modulating frequency. In AM radio
broadcasting, the modulating signal has bandwidth of 15kHz, and hence the
bandwidth of an amplitude-modulated signal is 30kHz
|
Twice the sum of the modulating signal frequency and the
frequency deviation. If the frequency deviation is 75kHz and the modulating
signal frequency is 15kHz, the bandwidth required is 180kHz
|
|
Zero crossing in
modulated signal
|
Equidistant
|
not equidistant
|
|
Complexity
|
transmitter and receiver are simple but in case of SSBSC AM
carrier synchronization is needed
|
transmitter and receiver are more complex as variation of modulating
signal has to converted and detected from corresponding variation in
frequencies.(i.e. voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage conversion
has to be done) which are quite complex
|
|
Noise
|
AM is more susceptible to noise because noise affects amplitude,
which is where information is "stored" in an AM signal.
|
FM is less susceptible to noise because information in an FM
signal is transmitted through varying the frequency, and not the amplitude.
|
28. A psychographic characteristic of film audience is
(A)
Income
(B) Age
(C)
Gender
(D) Need
for status
Answer:-
D
Psychographics is the study of
personality, values, attitudes, interests, and lifestyles.
Demographics are the quantifiable statistics of a
given population. Commonly examined demographics include gender, age, ethnicity, knowledge of languages, disabilities, mobility, home ownership, employment status,
and even location.
So from above definition t is clear that income, age and
gender are demographic characteristics so only option D left which is a
psychographic characteristic.
29. The term ‘spin doctors’ is used in a negative sense to
refer to
(A) News
reporters
(B) Legal
counsels
(C)
Advertisers
(D) PR
Professionals
Answer:- D
In public
relations, spin is a form of propaganda, achieved through providing an
interpretation of an event or campaign to persuade public opinion in favor or
against a certain organization or public figure. While traditional public
relations may also rely on creative presentation of the facts, "spin" often implies disingenuous,
deceptive and/or highly manipulative tactics. Politicians are often accused by
their opponents of claiming to be honest and seek the truth while using spin
tactics to manipulate public opinion. Because of the frequent association
between spin and press conferences (especially government press conferences),
the room in which these take place is sometimes described as a spin room. A group of people who
develop spin may be referred to as "spin
doctors" who engage in "spin doctoring" for the person or
group that hired them.
Edward Bernays has
been called the "Father of Spin". As Larry Tye describes in his book The Father of
Spin: Edward L. Bernays and The Birth of Public Relations, Bernays was able to
help tobacco and alcohol companies use techniques to make certain behaviors
more socially acceptable in the 20th-century United States.
30. If a publication is half the size of a broadsheet, it
is called
(A)
Tabloid
(B)
Digest
(C)
Single dummy
(D)
Double dummy
Answer:-
A
A
tabloid is defined as "roughly 17 by 11 inches (432 by 279 mm)"
and commonly "half the size of a broadsheet."
A tabloid is a newspaper with compact page size
smaller than broadsheet, although there is no standard for the precise
dimensions of the tabloid newspaper format. The term tabloid journalism, along
with the use of large pictures, tends to emphasize topics such as sensational
crime stories, astrology, celebrity gossip and television. However, some
respected newspapers, such as The Independent and The Times, are in tabloid
format, and this size is used in the United Kingdom by nearly all local
newspapers. There, its page dimensions are roughly 430 mm × 280 mm (16.9 in ×
11.0 in).
31. Assertion (A) : The Press in India has the
liability to pay nondiscriminatory taxes.
Reason (R) : Under the Indian constitution, the press is no
different from ordinary citizens.
(A) Both (A)
and (R) are true.
(B) Both
(A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A)
is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A)
is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:-
A
Some people say these questions are very difficult.
But these questions are easy but tricky and you have to properly focus on both
statements.
In case of above statements we know press in India is
not exempted from taxes and it has to pay the same tax as other organizations
does. So first statement is correct. Now 2nd statement is also
correct as press has no special status. It is just like ordinary citizens. So it has to pay taxes in same way people do.
32. Assertion (A) : The government cannot
directly restrict one freedom by permitting another freedom.
Reason (R) : Clause (1) of Article 19 of the Indian Constitution
provides equal opportunity for every type of freedom.
(A) Both
(A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both
(A) and (R) are true, but
(R) is
not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A)
is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A)
is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:- D
The word
cannot in the Assertion make the statement difficult. So students confuse and
wrongly answer it. Now let’s see what Assertion means. The government cannot
directly restrict one freedom by permitting another freedom. But according to
the constitution Government can restrict one freedom and permit other freedoms.
For example:- We have the right to
assemble peacefully and without arms. But when there is curfew this freedom is
restricted but you have other freedom available to you such as freedom of
speech and expression. Also
constitution states reasonable
restrictions on the exercise of the right conferred by the said sub-clause
(right to assemble). So it is clear that Assertion is wrong.
But
the (R) is true as constitution confers that Clause
(1) of Article 19 of the Indian Constitution provides equal opportunity for
every type of freedom. Hence option D is correct.
33. Assertion (A) : Television and Internet have
become a major source of news these days for daily newspapers.
Reason (R) : Since news agency services have become less dependable
due to global recession.
(A) Both
(A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both
(A) and (R) are true, but
(R) is
not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A)
is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A)
is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:-
C
It is a
general question and if you are aware about what is happening around your world
then you can easily answer it. Assertion is right as today television and
Internet have become a major source of news these days for daily newspapers.
But the reason for this (R) is incorrect as it is not because agency services
have become less dependable due to global recession but because of the fastness
of Internet and uprising 24 X 7 television networks. So (R) is wrong. Hence
option C is correct.
34. Assertion (A) : Today the focus of media is
more on hype and entertainment than information and education.
Reason (R) : Because they aim at massive audience consisting of
common denominators who have low level tastes and preferences.
(A) Both
(A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both
(A) and (R) are true, but
(R) is
not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A)
is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A)
is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:-
C
Assertion
is right if we consider today’s media. But the reason (R) is incorrect as the
audience is variably different with different tastes and demographics. So the
reason why media has changed his focus is not because of the audience having
low level tastes and preferences but some other reasons such as to sustain or
increase viewership or to earn profits.
35. Assertion (A) : Researchers who opt for
secondary analysis do not have limitations in the types of hypothesis or
research questions which are to be investigated.
Reason (R) : For them, data already exists and it is difficult to
get more information.
(A) Both
(A) and (R) are true.
(B) Both
(A) and (R) are true, but
(R) is
not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A)
is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A)
is false, but (R) is true.
Answer:-
D
You have
to understand exploratory research first.
Exploratory research of research conducted for a
problem that has not been clearly defined. It often occurs before we know
enough to make conceptual distinctions or posit an explanatory relationship.
Exploratory research helps determine the best research design, data collection
method and selection of subjects.
Exploratory research often relies on secondary research or secondary analysis
such as reviewing available literature and/or data, or qualitative approaches
such as informal discussions with consumers, employees, management or
competitors, and more formal approaches through in-depth interviews, focus
groups, projective methods, case studies or pilot studies. The Internet allows
for research methods that are more interactive in nature.
When the purpose of research is to gain familiarity
with a phenomenon or acquire new insight into it in order to formulate a more precise problem or develop hypothesis,
the exploratory studies (also known as formulative research) come in handy. If
the theory happens to be too general or too specific, a hypothesis cannot to be
formulated. Therefore a need for an exploratory research is felt to gain
experience that will be helpful in formulative relevant hypothesis for more
definite investigation.
Hence Assertion is wrong.
But the Reason (R) is correct as for them data already exists because they have already gathered much
data in primary stage and therefore it is difficult to get more information.
36. Identify the correct sequence of marketing approach in
relation to advertising and public relations.
(A)
Product knowledge, prospecting, approach decision, establishing needs
(B)
Establishing needs, product knowledge, approach decision, prospecting
(C)
Prospecting, establishing needs, approach decision, product knowledge.
(D)
Approach decision, prospecting, product knowledge, establishing needs.
Answer:-
A
These are
stepwise.
1. Firstly
you should have the product knowledge. What you want to sell? What your product
is?
An understanding of a good
or service that might include having acquired information about its
application, function, features, use and support requirements. A business sales
representative is an example of an individual that is typically expected to
acquire considerable product knowledge about the goods and services that they
are responsible for selling to consumers.
2. Then is prospecting which
means the search for potential customers or buyers. You have to search
customers for your product in order to sell.
3. Then the decision to
approach to the customer in order to demonstrate your product and sell it to
him/her.
4. Then the final step is
establishing needs. The
organization that can understand why customers make decisions such as such as who buys, what they buy and how they buy will, by catering more closely
for customers satisfaction and needs, become potentially more successful.
